Arthritis of the KNEE is a common problem: 2% of United States population older than 17 years of age and 40% of Americans over 65 years age have clinically relevant arthritis of the KNEE. Degenerative arthritis is a progressive disease in active patients. Over loading the articular cartilage is harmful for cartilage nutrition.Maintaining the KNEE in a position without motion, like casting, for a long time deteriorates cartilage. The reduction of body mass and avoiding stair climbing and descending is a fundamental concept in prevention and treatment of KNEE arthritis.Analgesics without anti-inflammatory properties such as acetaminophen, are the initial medications used to treat degenerative arthritis of the KNEE.Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications are the most commonly used drugs for treatment of degenerative arthritis of the KNEE joint. Cox I anti-inflammatory medications are less expensive and more effective, but has more, hepatic, GI and renal side effects.Cox 2 anti-inflammatory medications are more expensive, less effective and have less side effects. Cost-effective, risk-benefit matters should be considered in prescribing these medications.Nutritional supplement such as glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate have not shown any effect on cartilage regeneration in long term studies.Acute episodes of degenerative arthritis of the KNEE with pain and effusion can be treated by aspiration and intra articular steroid injections. However corticosteroid injections can increase the risk of damage to articular cartilage, should not repeat more than three to four times a year. Comparing intra-articular Hyaloronan injections with corticosteroids were found to be slower, more expensive and higher risk of local inflammatory response and overall no superiority.Quadriceps exercise, hamstring stretching and weight reduction has value in the treatment for arthritis of the KNEE joint.KNEE braces like unloaded KNEE braces, elastic bandages provide a feeling of increased support and pain relief in patients. Shoe inserts like wedges decrease the forces on involved side and decrease the pain of patients.

Aims: Being prevalent in the more than 40 years old persons, the KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS is one of the main factors in the function system failure mainly affecting their life. There is a type of instability in the persons with KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS, which is an increase in the domain and frequency of body pressure center. The aim of the present study was to compare the standing stability parameters in persons with KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS and healthy persons.Instrument & Methods: In this case-control, 15 patients with KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS referred to the physiotherapy clinic of the rehabilitation center and Al-Zahra hospital were studied in the muscle-skeletal research center of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences in 2015. The subjects were selected via stratified sampling method. As control group, 15 healthy persons were also studied in Isfahan. Total path length and the domain and frequency of pressure center in different directions were measured to assess the stability. Data was analyzed by SPSS 19 software using descriptive statistics and paired T test.Findings: There were increases in the mean movement domain and the frequency of pressure center in the anterior-posterior and the internal-external directions, as well as in the total path proceeded by the pressure center in the internal-external direction, in the persons with KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS than the healthy persons (p<0.05). Nevertheless, there was no significant difference in the mean total path proceeded by the pressure center in the anterior-posterior direction (p>0.05).Conclusion: Standing stability and balance in persons with KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS decreases compared to healthy persons.

This is a prospective study on 100 KNEE joints in 98 patients of the KNEE, treated by modified valgus dome shaped osteotomy of the proximal tibia. The distal part of the osteotomy pushed anteroproximal to decompress the patellofemoral joint . Age of the patients was between 55 to 70 years. The amount of involvement of the KNEE compartments were assessed preoperatively by anteroposterior (AP), lateral, tunnel and merchant view. Arthroscopy was necessary for loose body removal in 3 patients. No permanent device for fixation was used, so it was possible to change the angle of osteotomy by weding the cast postoperatively for adjusting the alignment. A simple rod was used, to align the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) and center of patella with the medial aspect of the first metatarse. After osteotomy the patients were allowed to have a full weight bearing (WB) with a well molded long leg cast as early as convenient. There was one non-union of the tibia which followed impending compartment syndrome. After this treatment %63 of the patients can do more daily activities and their range of motion (ROM) improved, %17 gained improvement in their ROM and relieve of pain in their daily activities, %15 feel some improvement in their pain but they need to use medications and in 5% no improvement was gained.

Background & Aims: OSTEOARTHRITIS is the most common joint disorder in the world. The KNEE joint is frequently involved by primary OSTEOARTHRITIS. The influence of various risk factors has been identified. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of anatomical parameters on KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS.Materials & Methods: Tibial plateau tilt, cam effect, and tibial plateau coverage by femoral condyles were measured in grade>2 X-rays of 50 OSTEOARTHRITIS cases and compared with 50 normal 50-65 year old cases. Results: All parameters were significantly more in OSTEOARTHRITIS group pv=0.005, pv=0.001, pv=0.003.Conclusion: Anatomic parameters should be attended in occupations with KNEE bending and high physical demand.